EUREKA PROJECT > 294 BIOMATERIALS
- SUMMARY
- OUTLINE
- PARTICIPANTS
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ITALY
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F.Y.R. OF MACEDONIA
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GERMANYMEDICAL MATERIALS (BIOMATERIALS)
DEVELOPMENT OF BIOLOGICAL COMPOSITE MATERIALS, WHOSE PHASES ARE BIOCOMPATIBLE, ADHERE TO EACH OTHER AND HAVE THE EFFECTIVE PROPERTIES TO SATISFY MEDICAL REQUIREMENTS.
Status > FINISHED - 31-Jul-2000 Technological Area Market Area Start Date > 30-Jun-1988 Duration > 128 Months Participating countries > FYROM, LATVIA, ITALY, GREECE, GERMANY, SERBIA | Main contactFRIEDRICH SCHILLER UNIV./TECHN.INST. MATERIALWISSENSCHAFTEN
DR. JOERG BOSSERT > PROVISIONAL DIRECTOR Organisation type > University |
Project Description
Altered living conditions in present-day industrialised societies and their environment - such as food, stress, atmosphere, etc. - are conducive, together with a rise in life expectancy, to an increase in diseases of civilisation which can only be effective combatted by modern medicine if advanced "biocompatible" materials are available (diseases of the joints and their surgical replacement by artificial joints, particularly artificial hips). However, biomaterials are designed not only to combat pathological problems but also restrictions on the quality of life caused by old age as a consequence of signs of wear (i.e. future replacement of removable dentures by implanted teeth). In contrast to materials problems encountered in instrument manufacture, mechanical engineering and vehicle construction, in the electrical, electronics or building industry, it is not possible in the case of biomaterials to modify the various components of a unit and adjust them to each other; the "biosystem" is pre-defined with respect to material and design and only the biomaterial can be adapted to it - "designer" materials and "tailormade" workpieces are therefore required. The objective of the project is therefore the development of biological composite materials, whose phases are biocompatible, adhere to each other and have the effective properties to satisfy medical requirements.
Technological Development Envisaged
There are two dominant problem fields determining biomaterial development, since biomaterials - must be accepted by the biosystem, i.e. they must be biocompatible, and - biocompatible biomaterials must have comparable properties to the biomaterial they replace or with which they are to be joined. Previous research, largely in the U.S.A., has indicated that a number of biocompatible materials available generally does not have all the desired properties for adaptation to the biosystem. Biocompatible materials such as bioceramics and bioglass are, however, elastically much more rigid and fracture in a brittle manner. In order to modify these properties, the biocompatible ceramics must be combined with other biocompatible phases, such as metals, and joined in such a way ("microstructure property correlations"), that the desired effective properties are realized in the composite material.
Contribution to project
System study Al203 - SiO2 - TiO2; in particular A1203-Si02 system to develop better bioceramics for prosthetic purposes Properties characterisation of ceramics from conventional/ sol-gel powders. Implementation phase: 0.205 MECU.
Expertise
Co-founding member. An applied research company working on a contract research basis, CERECO provides technological services to the industrial sector. The Company specialises in ceramics and refractories and maintains significant R & D activity in traditional as well as advanced ceramics. CERECO is active in many national and international research programmes. Among its research activities the following are included: sol-gel technology, biomaterials development, solid electrolytes development, ceramic powders preparation, ceramics processing (shaping, sintering) and ceramics characterisation. Applied industrial research in ceramics and refractories. Technological services to Industry. Financial contribution: Feasibility phase 0.01 MECU Definition phase: 0.01 MECU Implementation phase: 0.205 MECU
Main contactFRIEDRICH SCHILLER UNIV./TECHN.INST. MATERIALWISSENSCHAFTEN
DR. JOERG BOSSERT > PROVISIONAL DIRECTOR Organisation type > University |
Contribution to project
Construction of open porosity in system Al203-SiO2-TiO2. Investigation of constitution/powder production in ternary system. Surface energy determination. Implant specimen with graded microstructure.Feas./Def: 0.075 MECU.Implem. 0.5 MECU
Expertise
Successor of founding member Technological University (RWTH) Aachen. UNIVERSITY OF JENA's "Technisches Institut: Materialwissenschaften" is concerned with both teaching and research into inorganic, non-metallic materials and composites. The Chair formerly held by Professor Dr. Gerhard Ondracek and now provisionally headed by Dr. Joerg Bossert with the research fields of glass, biomaterials and composites is primarily involved with: - microstructure property correlations of multiphase materials - phase adhesion and wetting - composites and ceramics containing glass phases, and - biomaterials. Research activities: Engineering materials science; composites, glass, porous materials, biomaterials, materials in waste disposal; powder technology, wetting and bonding; quantitative microstructural analysis, microstructure-property- correlations. Financial contribution: Feasibility/definition phase: 0.075 MECU Implementation phaze: 0.5 MECU.
Main contactUNIVERSITA DI MODENA / FACOLTA DI INGEGNERIA
Organisation type > University |
Contribution to project
Mechanical and tribological studies. Feasibility/definition phase: 0.02 MECU. Implementation Phase: 0.18 MECU.
Expertise
Biomechanics (mechanical analysis of total hip replacements; mechanical design of external fixation systems); applied mechanics (lubrication and tribology), machine design (reliability in design, computer-aided design).
Main contactF. N. BOSCO MARENGO S.P.A.
Organisation type > Large company |
Contribution to project
Will take over all TEMAV SAMATEC's tasks. Feasibility/definition phase: 0.338 MECU. Implementation phase: 3.039 MECU.
Expertise
Activities: - research, production and marketing of products in the field of both fuels for new reactors, and conventional hi-tech materials, with particular emphasis on ceramic components. - in the ceramic materials sector, F.N. has resources and expertise in the following fields: - power processing - thermal treatments - cold pressing - sintering - milling - characterisation - dimensional controls - non-destructive analyses.
Contribution to project
Testing of the investigated materials under industrial conditions. Implementation phase: 0.15 MECU.
Expertise
The Production Division for implant materials has long been involved with the development and manufacture of implant materials. This Company previously supplied the major section of the Eastern European market with artificial hip joints and dental implants. Owing to the new political situation, it will now be able to bring HERMSDORF products onto the Western European market. The Company does not only supply proven technologies and materials but also displays great interest in developing promising future materials and technologies. Materials technology, ceramics and glass bioceramics, powder technology, coating technology, implants.
Contribution to project
Wetting/bonding experiments to determine surface/interfacial energies in ceramic-metal biocomposites. Interface investi- gations between ceramic phases/cell cultures to correlate interfacial energy/biocompatibility. Impl. phase: 0.16 MECU.
Expertise
The influence of the surface and interfacial phenomena in the powder technological consolidation of single as well as multiphase materials. Test and correlation between microstructure and properties (mechanical, electrical) of sintered materials. Joining techniques, in particular for ceramic-ceramic and ceramic-metal composite materials for biomedical uses. Teaching and research in Materials Sciences and specifically in ceramics and composite materials. Financial contribution: Feasibility phase: 0.01 MECU Definition phase: 0.01 MECU Implementation phase: 0.160 MECU. Professor Panajotis Nikolopoulos is a member of the Chemical Engineering Faculty and the Senate of the UNIVERSITY OF PATRAS. He studied physics at Karlsruhe (Dipl.-Phys.) and took his doctorate in 1974 at the Mechanical Engineering Faculty of the UNIVERSITY OF KARLSRUHE. His fields of work are: - interfacial equilibria in multi-phase materials - wettability in composite materials - properties of porous and ceramic-sintered materials. Professor Nikolopoulos has been engaged in teaching and research at Karlsruhe and the UNIVERSITY OF PATRAS. He is the Head of the Ceramics and Composite Materials Section of the Institute of Materials Science and has on several occasions been a visiting scientist at the KARLSRUHE NUCLEAR RESEARCH CENTRE. He is a member of the German METALLURGICAL SOCIETY and the Greek PHYSICS SOCIETY.
Contribution to project
Cell culture tests, histological studies of human osteo- synthesis, new bone formation at biological and synthetic biomaterials. Feasibility/definition phase: 0.15 MECU. Implementation phase: 0.15 MECU.
Expertise
Methodology of the histomorphological examination of bones Electro-stimulation of new bone formation Origin of pseudo-arthritis Accessibility of bones to antibiotics Medullary pin osteosynthesis: operative technique, blood supply to the bone and regeneration, biomechanics of fracture healing Plate osteosynthesis: porosis in the plate support, plate materials Fixator external osteosynthesis: fracture healing with graduated instability. Surgery, implant materials, biocompatibility.
Main contactUNIVERSITY OF PATRAS/BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING LABORATORY
Organisation type > University |
Contribution to project
Biocompatibility and haemocompatibility testing of bioceramic materials.
Expertise
Founding member. Set-up of various static and dynamic tests for platelet, leucocyte, erythrocyte and protein interactions with artificial materials. Teaching and research.
Contribution to project
In-vitro/in vivo biocompatibility tests Products clinical testing. Feasibility/definition phase: 0.086 MECU. Implementation phase: 0.78 MECU.
Expertise
One of the largest and oldest orthopedic hospitals in ITALY. Every year some hundreds of total hip replacement operations are performed there. Its research laboratories have validated many different biomaterials for orthopedic applications. Basic and applied research in orthopedics.
Contribution to project
Materials research and development. Feasibility/definition phase: 0.126 MECU Implementation phase: 1.134 MECU.
Expertise
Co-founding member. The Italian Ceramic Centre R & D activities are directed essentially towards three lines: - powder characterisation: physical, chemical and microstructural; - forming processes: among them particularly cold pressing, slip casting, pressure slip casting and cold isostatic pressing; - sintering and characterisation of sintered monolith and composite materials. Activities consist essentially of research, testing, technical assistance, teaching and information in the field of ceramic science, technology and industry.
Main contactOFFICINE ORTOPEDICHE RIZZOLI S.P.A.
DR. ANGELO DE LOLLIS > DIRECTOR Organisation type > SME |
Contribution to project
Design, laboratory development and verification of prostheses. Feasibility/definition phase: 0.27 MECU Implementation phase: 2.43 MECU.
Expertise
Owner of numerous patents pertinent to orthopaedic prosthesis. R & D activities are directed towards: - professional orthopaedic products for patients and hospitals - surgery: materials such as pins, plates, shafts, screws, etc. and operating theatre equipment. Designing, prototype verification, production, commercial application and distribution of prostheses, shoes, surgery and hospital facilities for orthopaedics.
Main contactUNIV. CIRIL AND METODIJ/TECHNOLOGICAL-METALLURGICAL FACULTY
UNIVERSITY OF SKOPJE Organisation type > University |
Contribution to project
Sol-gel synthesis of ternary oxide systems/Al2TiO5-TiO2-SiO2 their consolidation/characterization re their thermophysical and mechanical properties. Porose structure creation applying carbon fibres. Implementation Phase: 0.096 MECU.
Expertise
- Preparation of mono-, bi- and ternary oxide systems - kinetics and mechanism of sintering - thermophysical properties of materials.
Contribution to project
Development of hydroxy-apatite (HAP) coatings for ceramics of the Al203-Si02-TiO2 system, investigation and properties of the interfacial zones: ceramics -coating and implant - bone.
Expertise
Acquisition and research into biomaterials at the Department of Chemical Technology since 1980. During this period, biocompatible glass - ceramics in CaO - NNb2O5 (TiO2, Ta205) - P}O5 systems, hydroxy-apatite ceramic, HAp and glass - ceramic coatings on various substrates (metals and ceramics) have been obtained. Simultaneously with the research work, teaching and training of students and postgraduates in biomaterials specialities has taken place.
Main contactINST.FOR BIOPROCESSING AND ANALYTICAL MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES
DIPL.-ING. KLAUS LIEFEITH > HEAD OF BIOMATERIALS Organisation type > Research Institute |
Contribution to project
Interface investigations to aggregation and adhesion of surrounding tissue ie protein interlayers and connective tissue on implants. In-vitro tests to correlate formation of interfacial biofilms to biocompatibility.
Expertise
A Community of interested universities, research institutes and companies in the field of biomaterials. The members of TAB are representative of the complete potential in research, development and manufacture of biomaterials in Thueringen. Therefore the constituent members of TAB are devoting their work the development and improvement of biomaterials, their structure, testing, control, biological and clinical applications and the manufacture of medical devices. This community offers a unique potential for the exchange of facts, ideas and development of mutual cooperation in the broad field of devices. Organisation activities: materials technology, development, clinical applications and production of biomaterials, ceramics, bioceramics, glasses, dental materials. Teaching and information in the field of biomaterials.